Bar and Rod
Plate and Sheet
Strip
Pipe and Tube
Wire
Welding
Powder Material
Cast Products
Forged Products
Fittings
Fastening
Round Bar:
φ2–500 mm, 1–6 m length
Flat/Square Bar:
4–100 mm thickness/width
Hex Bar:
A/F 3–100 mm
Hollow Bar:
OD 20–300 mm
Sheet:
0.3–6 mm thickness
Medium Plate:
6–25 mm thickness
Heavy Plate:
25–100 mm thickness
Standard Strip:
0.05–3 mm thick,
10–600 mm wide
Precision strip:
0.01–0.5 mm thick,
tight tolerance ±0.005 mm
Foil:
0.005–0.1 mm thick
Seamless Tube:
OD 6–450 mm,
WT 1–50 mm,
1–12 m length
Welded Tube:
OD 10–600 mm,
WT 1–20 mm
Capillary Tube:
OD 1–10 mm,
WT 0.1–2 mm
Wire Form:
Cold Drawn Wire,
Bright Wire,
Spring Wire,
Fine Wire,
Ultra-fine Wire
General Diameter:
φ0.1–10 mm
Coil Weight:
50–500 kg,
customizable tolerance
Solid Wire:
φ0.8–4.0 mm
Flux-cored Wire:
φ1.2–4.0 mm
Welding Rod:
φ2.0–5.0 mm
Powder Form:
AM 3D Printing Powder,
Spherical Powder,
Gas-atomized Powder,
Water-atomized Powder
Particle Size:
10–150 μm
Sphericity:
≥90% for AM grade
Cast Ingot:
φ200–800 mm
Precision Casting:
min wall 0.5 mm
Cast Pipe:
OD 100–600 mm,
WT 10–50 mm
Forged Bar:
Φ35–500 mm
Forged Ring:
OD 200–2000 mm
Forging Weight:
1–5000 kg
Fittings Form:
Elbow, Tee, Reducer, Flange, Cap, Outlet, Lap Joint
Size range:
1/2''–24'' (DN15–DN600)
Wall thickness:
Sch10–Sch160, STD, XS, XXS
Pressure Class:
150–2500 LB
Fastening Form:
Bolt, Nut, Screw, Stud, Washer, Pin, Rivet
Metric: M3–M64
Imperial: #4–2.5''
Length: 6–500 mm
X4CrNiMo16-5-1 is a low-carbon soft-martensitic chromium-nickel-molybdenum stainless steel. This datasheet presents the material within the Werkstoff-Nummer (DIN / EN) designation system.
With about 16% chromium, 5% nickel and 1% molybdenum and a deliberately low carbon content, 1.4418 combines very high strength and hardness with corrosion resistance equivalent to the austenitic grades 1.4301 and 1.4307 — unusual among martensitic steels, where high strength normally comes at the expense of corrosion resistance. Its microstructure is a soft-martensitic (martensite with some austenite and ferrite) structure. The low carbon makes it, for a martensitic grade, comparatively easy to weld and free from intergranular corrosion. It is supplied quenched and tempered (+QT900) with high toughness, good fatigue resistance and resistance to stress-corrosion cracking, and is suitable for service between about −30 °C and 300 °C.
Typical applications include water-turbine parts, propeller and pump shafts, centrifuge components, and mechanically and corrosively stressed parts in the chemical, marine, automotive and aerospace industries.
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.7 | g/cm³ |
| Melting range | 1400–1450 | °C |
| Elastic modulus | 200 | GPa |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion (20–100 °C) | 10.5 | µm/m·°C |
| Thermal conductivity (20 °C) | 15.0 | W/m·K |
| Specific heat (20 °C) | 430 | J/kg·K |
| Structure | Soft-martensitic | — |
| Element | Symbol | Min % | Max % | Role in Alloy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron | Fe | Balance | — | Base element |
| Chromium | Cr | 15.0 | 17.0 | Corrosion resistance; martensite former |
| Nickel | Ni | 4.0 | 6.0 | Toughness; structure control |
| Molybdenum | Mo | 0.80 | 1.50 | Pitting / corrosion resistance |
| Manganese | Mn | — | 1.50 | Deoxidiser |
| Silicon | Si | — | 0.70 | Deoxidiser |
| Carbon | C | — | 0.06 | Low (weldability, soft martensite) |
| Nitrogen | N | — | 0.020 | Low |
| Phosphorus | P | — | 0.040 | Residual impurity |
| Sulphur | S | — | 0.015 | Residual impurity |
Quenched-and-tempered (+QT900) condition, per EN 10088-3 for W.Nr. 1.4418.
| Condition | Property | Value |
|---|---|---|
| +QT900 | Tensile strength (Rm) | 900–1100 MPa |
| +QT900 | 0.2% proof strength (Rp0.2) | ≥700 MPa |
| +QT900 | Elongation (A5) | ≥16 % |
| +QT900 | Hardness | ~300 HB |
| +QT900 | Impact energy (KV) | ≥60 J |
Values per EN 10088-3; supplied quenched and tempered. Confirm against the inspection certificate (EN 10204).
| Environment | Performance | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Atmospheric / general | Very Good | Equivalent to 1.4301 / 1.4307 |
| Seawater / marine | Good | Common in propeller shafts and marine parts |
| Alkalis / weak acids | Good | Higher resistance than other martensitics |
| Oxidizing acids (e.g. nitric) | Good | Higher alloy content |
| Stress-corrosion cracking | Very Good | Resistant; not susceptible to intergranular corrosion |
Corrosion resistance is well above other martensitic grades and approaches the austenitic 304/304L, owing to the higher chromium, nickel and molybdenum content and the low carbon.
A low-carbon soft-martensitic grade; supplied quenched and tempered.
Solution Treatment (Austenitise + Quench) Austenitise at approximately 1000–1050 °C and quench (air or oil) to form soft martensite.
Temper Temper at approximately 580–630 °C to develop the +QT900 properties (Rm ≥ 900 MPa). A higher temper lowers strength and raises toughness. Avoid tempering in ranges that reduce toughness or corrosion resistance.
For a martensitic steel, comparatively easy to weld owing to the low carbon; matching filler is used. Preheat and post-weld tempering are recommended for heavier sections.
| Welding Process | Applicability | Filler / Consumable |
|---|---|---|
| GTAW / TIG | Good | Matching 16-5-1-type filler |
| GMAW / MIG | Good | Matching filler |
| SMAW / stick | Good | Matching electrode |
Preheat (~100–150 °C) heavier sections; post-weld temper to restore toughness.
Machining Guidelines
| Parameter | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Machinability | Moderate; comparable to QT carbon steel of same hardness |
| Tooling | Carbide tooling; rigid setup |
| Coolant | Ample flood coolant |
Forming Processes
| Process | Notes |
|---|---|
| Cold forming | Difficult (high strength); cold heading not typical |
| Hot forming / forging | Slow heat to ~800 °C, then 1150–1180 °C; forge 950–1180 °C |
| Industry | Typical Components | Key Requirements |
|---|---|---|
| Marine | Propeller shafts, marine components | Strength + seawater corrosion resistance |
| Power / hydro | Water-turbine parts, runners | Strength + cavitation / fatigue resistance |
| Chemical / process | Pump shafts, centrifuge parts | Strength + corrosion resistance |
| Aerospace / automotive | Mechanically stressed components | High strength + toughness |
| Product Form | DIN / EN Standard | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Plate, sheet and strip | EN 10088-2 · W.Nr. 1.4418 | X4CrNiMo16-5-1 |
| Bar, rod and sections | EN 10088-3 · W.Nr. 1.4418 | +QT900; ground bar 2G |
| Forgings | EN 10250-4 · W.Nr. 1.4418 | — |
| Technical delivery | SEW 400 | — |
Low-carbon soft-martensitic stainless steel. W.Nr. 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1).
| EN Symbol | Cr % | Ni % | Mo % | C % | Best Used For |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| X4CrNiMo16-5-1 | 15–17 | 4–6 | 0.8–1.5 | ≤0.06 | Soft-martensitic; high strength + 304-like corrosion |
| GX4CrNiMo16-5-1 | 15–17 | 4–6 | 0.8–1.5 | ≤0.06 | Cast version (1.4405) |
| X3CrNiMo13-4 | 12–14 | 3.5–4.5 | ≤0.7 | ≤0.05 | Soft-martensitic 13-4; turbines |
| X5CrNiCuNb16-4 | 15–17 | 3–5 | — | ≤0.07 | Martensitic PH (17-4PH) |
| X12Cr13 | 11.5–13.5 | — | — | 0.08–0.15 | Martensitic 13Cr (410) |
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